A structural unit annotation consisists of a one-character boundary descriptor (BD), which is a formal open bond. A structural unit annotation is atom-anchored.

A BD separates a structural unit from the overall molecular structure to which the unit belongs. BD annotations are used to encode formal parts of a molecule. Depending on context, these parts are commonly referred to as substructures, motifs, fragments or (functional) groups.

Each character that is a valid bond symbol in CurlySMILES can be a BD.

BD Meaning in CurlySMILES annotation
- open or dangling single bond (see encoding example given for protecting group BIBS)
= open double bond
# open triple bond
$ open quadruple bond
: open (in-ring) aromatic bond
~ open bond of unspecified type

Reference

A. Drefahl: CurlySMILES: a chemical language to customize and annotate encodings of molecular and nanodevice structures . J. Cheminf. 2011, 3:1; doi: 10.1186/1758-2946-3-1 .
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